SFC Netmod R. Penno Internet-Draft B. Claise Intended status: Standards Track C. Pignataro Expires: February 16, 2017 Cisco C. Fontaine Qosmos August 15, 2016 Using Application Identification in Services Function Chaining Metadata draft-penno-sfc-appid-05 Abstract This document defines the use of a structured application information in the service function chaining metadata, and specifies a YANG model for the configuration of the application registry. The consumers of application information are Service Functions that apply policy and provide application statistics based on the metadata contained in the packet. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on February 16, 2017. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 1] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Open Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.2. Tree Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. Application Information Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4. Application Information Yang Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4.1. Module Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4.2. Application Information Configuration Module . . . . . . 6 5. Service Function Chaining Metadata . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 6. Relationship to existing YANG Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 7. Expected Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 9. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 10. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 11. Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 12. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1. Open Issues 1. Relationship of this YANG module and draft-penno-sfc-yang 2. Any reasons why those attributes are not modeled as boolean: P2P- technology, tunnel-technology, encrypted? 3. The connection between the YANG Model in this document and [I-D.penno-sfc-yang] must be explained 2. Introduction As described in the Service Function Architecture [RFC7665], Service Functions are provide specific treatment for packets and are part of the end-to-end delivery of services. Many of these network services include application-specific functions, treatments, and optimizations. The SFC Encapsulation, Network Service Header (NSH), therefore needs to provide with dynamic, flexible, and easily methods to bind service policy to granular traffic information, which includes application information. This is achieved by the ability to carry metadata along Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 2] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 the service function path, which is derived from various sources. (e.g., orchestration systems, DPI Classification, etc.) The consumers of this application information are Service Functions that apply policy and provide application statistics based on this metadata contained in the packet. This document concerns itself with defining structured application information in the service function chaining metadata. The "Cisco Systems Export of Application Information in IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) [RFC6759] specifies an extension to the IPFIX information model [RFC7012] to export application information. This IPFIX information element is registered as the identifier 95 in the IPFIX registry [IANA-IPFIX]. Applications could be identified at different OSI layers, from layer 2 to layer 7. For example, the Link Layer Distribution Protocol [LLDP] can be identified in layer 2, ICMP can be identified in layer 3 [IANA-PROTO], HTTP can be identified in layer 4 [IANA-PORTS], and Webex can be identified in layer 7. However, the layer 7 application registry values are out of scope of [RFC6759] This document purposes the use of IPFIX [RFC7011] application information to be carried in the NSH MD-Type 1 context metadata [I-D.ietf-sfc-nsh]. Optionally, encoding for NSH MD-Type 2 is provided with the Application ID TLV [I-D.quinn-sfc-nsh-tlv]. The information in the metadata will be provided by an orchestration system or the result of packet processing done by a firewall, Intrusion Protection Service (IPS), Deep Packet Inspection (DPI), amongst others. These are defined as providers of application information. 2.1. Terminology The reader should be familiar with the terms contained in the following documents: o Section 1.4 of the "Service Function Chaining (SFC) Architecture" [RFC7665] o Section 2.1 of the "Network Service Header" [I-D.ietf-sfc-nsh] o The "Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN" [I-D.ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe] o Sections 3 and 3.1 of "Cisco Systems Export of Application Information in IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)" [RFC6759] Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 3] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 2.2. Tree Diagrams A simplified graphical representation of the data model is used in this document. The meaning of the symbols in these diagrams is as follows: The meaning of the symbols in these diagrams is as follows: o Brackets "[" and "]" enclose list keys. o Curly braces "{" and "}" contain names of optional features that make the corresponding node conditional. o Abbreviations before data node names: "rw" means configuration (read-write), "ro" state data (read-only), "-x" RPC operations, and "-n" notifications. o Symbols after data node names: "?" means an optional node, "!" a container with presence, and "*" denotes a "list" or "leaf-list". o Parentheses enclose choice and case nodes, and case nodes are also marked with a colon (":"). o Ellipsis ("...") stands for contents of subtrees that are not shown. 3. Application Information Structure The application information data structure can be seen in Figure 1. It was extracted and adapted from [RFC6759]. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Class. Eng. ID| Zero-valued upper-bits ... Selector ID | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 1: Application Identification Data Format Table 1 displays the currently allocated Classification Engine IDs, including their name and value, as well as their corresponding Selector ID default length. Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 4] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | Classification | Classification | Selector ID default | | Engine ID Value | Engine ID Name | length (in octets) | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | 1 | IANA-L3 | 1 | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | 2 | PANA-L3 | 1 | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | 3 | IANA-L4 | 2 | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | 4 | PANA-L4 | 2 | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | 6 | USER-Defined | 3 | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | 12 | PANA-L2 | 5 | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | 13 | PANA-L7 | 3 | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | 18 | ETHERTYPE | 2 | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | 19 | LLC | 1 | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ | 20 | PANA-L7-PEN | 3 (*) | +---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+ Table 1: Existing Classification Engine IDs Where: "PANA = Proprietary Assigned Number Authority". In other words, an enterprise specific version of IANA for internal IDs. PEN = Private Enterprise Number (*) There are an extra 4 bytes for the PEN. However, the PEN is not considered part of the Selector ID. Section 6 of [RFC6759] provides various illustrative examples of the encoding for different applications. 4. Application Information Yang Model 4.1. Module Structure Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 5] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 module: ietf-ipfix-application-information +--rw class-id-dictionary | +--rw class-id* [name] | +--rw id? uint8 | +--rw name string | +--rw description? string +--rw application-id-dictionary +--rw application-id* [application-name] +--rw class-id -> /class-id-dictionary/class-id/id +--rw pen uint32 +--rw selector-id uint32 +--rw application-name string +--rw application-description? string +--rw application-category-name? string +--rw application-sub-category-name? string +--rw application-group-name? string 4.2. Application Information Configuration Module file "ietf-ipfix-application-information@2015-04-28.yang" module ietf-ipfix-application-information { yang-version 1; namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:" + "ietf-ipfix-application-information"; prefix ipfix-app-info; organization "IETF SFC (Service Function Chaining) Working Group"; contact "Editor: Christophe Fontaine christophe.fontaine@qosmos.com Editor: Reinaldo Penno rapenno@gmail.com"; description "This module contains a collection of YANG definitions for the configuration of application ids. Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as authors of the code. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 6] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info)."; revision 2015-04-28 { description "Initial revision"; reference "draft-penno-sfc-appid : Using Application Identification in Services Function Chaining Metadata"; } /* * Typedefs */ typedef application-id-ref { type leafref { path "/ipfix-app-info:application-id-dictionary/" + "ipfix-app-info:application-id/ipfix-app-info" + ":application-name"; } description "This type is used by data models that need to reference an application-id"; } typedef classification-engine-id { type enumeration { enum "IANA-L3" { value 1; description "IANA-L3"; } enum "PANA-L3" { value 2; description "PANA-L3"; } enum "IANA-L4" { value 3; description "IANA-L4"; } enum "PANA-L4" { value 4; description "PANA-L4"; } Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 7] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 enum "USER-Defined" { value 6; description "USER-Defined"; } enum "PANA-L2" { value 12; description "PANA-L2"; } enum "PANA-L7" { value 13; description "PANA-L7"; } enum "ETHERTYPE" { value 18; description "ETHERTYPE"; } enum "LLC" { value 19; description "LLC"; } enum "PANA-L7-PEN" { value 20; description "PANA-L7-PEN"; } } description "The definitions for Classification engine ID names."; reference "RFC 6759: Cisco Systems Export of Application Information in IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)"; } /* * Configuration data nodes */ container class-id-dictionary { description "Dictionary for classification ids"; list class-id { key "name"; unique "id"; leaf id { type uint8; Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 8] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 description "Classification identifier"; } leaf name { type string; description "classification Engine name"; } leaf description { type string; description "Description of the class-id"; } description "A list of all classification ids"; } } container application-id-dictionary { description "Dictionary for application ids"; list application-id { key "application-name"; unique "class-id pen selector-id"; leaf class-id { type leafref { path "/ipfix-app-info:class-id-dictionary/" + "ipfix-app-info:class-id/ipfix-app-info:id"; } mandatory true; description "Application Name"; } leaf pen { type uint32; mandatory true; description "Private Entreprise Number, only relevant when used with appropriate class-id. Set to 0 when not used."; } leaf selector-id { type uint32 { range "0..16777216"; } mandatory true; description "Selector identifier"; } leaf application-name { type string; mandatory true; description "The name of the application"; } leaf application-description { type string; Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 9] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 description "The description of the application"; } leaf application-category-name { type string; description "An attribute that provides a first- level categorization for each Application ID. Examples include browsing, email, file-sharing, gaming, instant messaging, voice- and-video, etc. The category attribute is encoded by the application-category-name Information Element"; } leaf application-sub-category-name { type string; description "An attribute that provides a second- level categorization for each Application ID. Examples include backup-systems, client-server, database, routing-protocol, etc. The sub-category attribute is encoded by the application-sub-category-name Information Element"; } leaf application-group-name { type string; description "An attribute that groups multiple Application IDs that belong to the same networking application. For example, the ftp-group contains ftp-data (port 20), ftp (port 20), ni-ftp (port 47), sftp (port 115), bftp (port 152), ftp-agent(port 574), ftps-data (port 989). The application-group attribute is encoded by the application-group-name Information Element"; } description "A list of all applications"; } } } Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 10] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 5. Service Function Chaining Metadata When a Deep Packet Inspection (DPI), Firewall or any other Service Function (SF) that can identify applications want to convey this knowledge to other SFs it encoded in the format discussed earlier and add to the context metadata. As defined in [I-D.ietf-sfc-nsh], there are two formats for the NSH Metadata, or the portion of the NSH header beyond the mandatory Base Hader and Service Path Header: MD-Type 1 and MD-Type 2. The Application Identification data structure (see Figure 1) can be carried both in MD-Type 1 and MD-Type 2. This document specifies the encoding within NSH MD-Type 1 (see Figure 2), and encoding for NSH MD-Type 2 is provided with the Application ID TLV [I-D.quinn-sfc-nsh-tlv]. The Example in Figure 2 shows the encoding of the SNMP application using MD-Type 1. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | 3 | 0 | 161 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Network Shared Context | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Service Platform Context | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Service Shared Context | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 2: Example of Metadata Including the SNMP Application Identification In this example, the Classification Engine IDs of 3 indicates "IANA- L4", and 161 is the well-known port number for SNMP (with its upper bits zero-valued). Other Services Functions that need application information associated with a packet or flow can look at this metadata (encoded in either MD-Type 1 or MD-Type 2) and easily find out its value. 6. Relationship to existing YANG Modules [RFC6728] specifies a data model for the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) and Packet Sampling (PSAMP) protocols. It is for configuring and monitoring Selection Processes, Caches, Exporting Processes, and Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 11] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 Collecting Processes of IPFIX- and PSAMP-compliant Monitoring Devices using the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF). The data model is defined using UML (Unified Modeling Language) class diagrams and formally specified using YANG. The YANG model is this document allows the configuration of the application id IPFIX information elements (ieId), which in turn, may be used in a template definition (TemplateId). [I-D.penno-sfc-yang] To be done 7. Expected Usage Devices or controllers will download the [ETHERTYPE], [IANA-PROTO] and [IANA-PORTS] from the appropriate URIs. However, the configuration of the applications is required for applications not registered in an industry-wide agreed-upon registry. In this case, the Proprietary Assigned Number Authority (PANA) registries (PANA-L2, PANA-L3, PANA-L4, PANA-L7), or the User-Defined registry, must be used to identify new application. Furthermore, the following attributes are statically assigned per Application ID, and needs to be configured: category, sub-category, application-group. 8. IANA Considerations TBD 9. Security Considerations TODO: Update with privacy and security considerations, as requested in Prague IETF93. 10. Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Kengo Naito for a thorough review and insightful comments. 11. Changes 12. Informative References [ETHERTYPE] "ETHERTYPE", 1984, . Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 12] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 [I-D.ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe] Kreeger, L. and U. Elzur, "Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN", draft-ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe-02 (work in progress), April 2016. [I-D.ietf-sfc-nsh] Quinn, P. and U. Elzur, "Network Service Header", draft- ietf-sfc-nsh-05 (work in progress), May 2016. [I-D.penno-sfc-yang] Penno, R., Quinn, P., Zhou, D., and J. Li, "Yang Data Model for Service Function Chaining", draft-penno-sfc- yang-15 (work in progress), June 2016. [I-D.quinn-sfc-nsh-tlv] Quinn, P., Elzur, U., Majee, S., and J. Halpern, "Network Service Header TLVs", draft-quinn-sfc-nsh-tlv-01 (work in progress), April 2016. [IANA-IPFIX] IANA, ""IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Entities"", 2015, . [IANA-PORTS] IANA, "IANA-L4", 1984, . [IANA-PROTO] IANA, "IANA-L3", 1984, . [LLDP] IEEE, "Std 802.1AB-2005, "Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks - Station and Media Access Control Connectivity Discovery", IEEE Std 802.1AB-2005", 2005, . [RFC6728] Muenz, G., Claise, B., and P. Aitken, "Configuration Data Model for the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) and Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocols", RFC 6728, DOI 10.17487/RFC6728, October 2012, . [RFC6759] Claise, B., Aitken, P., and N. Ben-Dvora, "Cisco Systems Export of Application Information in IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)", RFC 6759, DOI 10.17487/RFC6759, November 2012, . Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 13] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 [RFC7011] Claise, B., Ed., Trammell, B., Ed., and P. Aitken, "Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of Flow Information", STD 77, RFC 7011, DOI 10.17487/RFC7011, September 2013, . [RFC7012] Claise, B., Ed. and B. Trammell, Ed., "Information Model for IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)", RFC 7012, DOI 10.17487/RFC7012, September 2013, . [RFC7665] Halpern, J., Ed. and C. Pignataro, Ed., "Service Function Chaining (SFC) Architecture", RFC 7665, DOI 10.17487/RFC7665, October 2015, . Authors' Addresses Reinaldo Penno Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Dr San Jose CA USA Email: repenno@cisco.com Benoit Claise Cisco Systems, Inc. De Kleetlaan 6a b1 1831 Diegem Belgium Email: bclaise@cisco.com Carlos Pignataro Cisco Systems, Inc. 7200-12 Kit Creek Road Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-4987 USA Email: cpignata@cisco.com Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 14] Internet-Draft SFC Traceroute August 2016 Christophe Fontaine Qosmos 8 rue Bernard Buffer Paris France Email: christophe.fontaine@qosmos.com Penno, et al. Expires February 16, 2017 [Page 15]